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ISBN: 9781459413139

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The Age of Increasing Inequality

The Astonishing Rise of Canada's 1%

For 35 years, Canada has become vastly wealthier, but most people have not. This book documents the dramatic and rapid growth in inequality. It identifies the causes. It proposes meaningful steps to halt and reverse this trend.

Lars Osberg looks separately at the top, middle and bottom of Canadian incomes. He provides new data which illuminate the exact nature of the rapid rise in inequality, and in particular the way virtually all the economic gains of the last 20 years have gone to Canada’s 1 percent.

He identifies several causes for this new development. Trade deals have been a major contributor to limiting the growth of incomes for workers. The gradual decline of unions in the private sector has been a contributor. Growing high salaries for corporate executives, managers, and some fortunate professionals have had a significant impact. Lars Osberg offers an analysis of why increasing inequality is bad for social cohesion and economic development, and argues that its unfairness is toxic to public life.

This book provides an up to date, readable account of a topic of major interest and importance in Canadian economic life and Canadian public policy.

Contributors

Lars Osberg

LARS OSBERG is McCulloch Professor of Economics at Dalhousie University with research interests in labour economics and income and wealth distribution. He received his PhD in Economics from Yale University and has published numerous articles in academic journals and seven books. He is past President of the Canadian Economics Association. He lives in Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Chapter Title Contents Contributors Pages Year Price

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The history of economic inequality in Canada and briefly touches on the other forms of inequality that exist in Canada which would persist even if economic inequality was eliminated. Briefly … 18 $1.80

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Unbalanced growth and increasing income inequality since 1981 contrasts starkly with the balanced growth and stable income distribution of 1946 to 1981. Although total output per Canadian grew by … 20 $2.00

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Historically, Canada’s middle class has expected increasing prosperity from one generation to the next. Real hourly wages did grow strongly until 1981, when inflation control became the … 29 $2.90

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The income share of Canada’s top earners has risen sharply since the 1980s, as balanced growth has been replaced by accelerated income growth for the top 1%, and relative income stagnancy … 30 $3.00

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As average incomes increase in a society, many cheap goods become unavailable and the cost of living for poor people rises. Although different poverty line methodologies produce somewhat … 23 $2.30

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Inequality of annual incomes is like a snapshot of inequality, which only captures part of the moving picture of our fluctuating incomes. Lifetime income depends on career progression and whether … 20 $2.00

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The inequality of wealth in Canada is far greater than the inequality of incomes — Canada’s top 40 families own more than the bottom 40% (6,186,000 households) do. For middle class … 23 $2.30

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Equalizing opportunity does not necessarily equalize outcomes. However, inequality of outcomes implies inequality of opportunity since the children of affluent parents inherit human capital and … 20 $2.00

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Faster economic growth is not a feasible solution for Canada’s problem of increasing inequality. But although technological change will create new problems of job destruction, it also … 20 $2.00

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Policy proposals to address increasing inequality in Canada. A Carbon Fee and Dividend could both reduce cardon diozide emissions and lessen inequality. As robots increasingly make the robots … 30 $3.00